The simplest and most obvious explanation is the practical aspect of studying Torah in order to properly observe Torah law. The Mishnah states, “An ignoramus cannot be fearful of sin; and unlearned person cannot be pious” (Ethics of the Fathers 2:6). This vital function of Torah study is considered by some authorities to be the primary reason for the commandment.
It is clear, however, that the obligation goes far beyond knowing the practical application of Jewish law. We study laws that are relevant, as well as those that have no direct application today, such as the laws of the Temple; we study the derivation and sources of the laws; we even study opinions that are not accepted as the final word in law; we study philosophy, mysticism and the text of the Torah. We must look further for an explanation of this obligation that goes beyond simple pragmatism.
According to Jewish belief, the purpose of existence is for human beings to create a relationship with God. In order to a relationship to be meaningful and intimate the two parties must be compatible. We develop this compatibility with God by imitating His actions and traits. Through the performance of the commandments of the Torah we learn to act as God does; by improving our character traits we become similar to God in the realm of character, “just as He is merciful, you should be merciful; just as He is gracious, you should be gracious.”
